African Dung Beetle (Scarabée bousier, Miskruier, Escaravelho) species introduced elsewhere.

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Euoniticellus intermedius was introduced into Australia between 1971 and 1975 becoming established throughout New South Wales.

Onitis viridulus was introduced into Australia between 1976 and 1980 becoming established on the coastal plain of north and central New South Wales.

Digitonthophagus gazella was introduced into Australia between 1968 and 1978 becoming established throughout New South Wales. In the 1970's Digitonthophagus gazella was also introduced in Texas by United States Department of Agriculture scientists and is now common throughout the state.

Onthophagus nigriventris was introduced into Australia between 1974 and 1982 from East Africa becoming established on the coastal plain of New South Wales.

Sisyphus spinipes was introduced into Australia between 1972 and 1978 becoming established in Queensland and northern New South Wales.

Scratchpads developed and conceived by: Vince Smith, Simon Rycroft, Dave Roberts, Ben Scott...